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An old but increasingly popular agricultural technique is electroculture, which uses a variety of electrical or electromagnetic phenomena to affect crop yields and plant growth. This page offers a thorough introduction to electroculture, exploring its basic workings, wide range of uses, and benefits and drawbacks. The procedures include techniques for directing soil electrification to improve the physical, chemical, and biological qualities of soil by employing air electricity captured by antennas. Grain, vegetable, and fruit crops have all benefited from electroculture in the past and present (Briggs, 1926). Advocates point to increased biomass, faster germination, higher yields, better crop quality, and increased resistance to pests and diseases, which frequently suggests a decreased need for artificial fertilizers and pesticides (Christianto & Smarandache, 2021). The goal of this analysis is to incorporate current knowledge while emphasizing areas that call for a fair assessment of electroculture?s potential as a sustainable agricultural technique.

Milk composition, including the levels of fat, protein, lactose and minerals, is influenced by a variety of factors, including genetics, stage of lactation, nutrition and environmental conditions. Specifically, factors like breed, age of the animal and health status can impact milk composition. Additionally, factors like milking frequency and completeness of milking can affect the final milk sample.

Khaya senegalensis (African mahogany), native to tropical Africa, is a fast-growing, droughttolerant tree well-suited for commercial plantations in dry regions. Renowned for its rich reddish-brown wood, it serves both ornamental and economic purposes. Its adaptability to poor soils and arid climates makes it ideal trees for wasteland reclamation. The species is increasingly popular for timber, shade and avenue planting with potential to reduce timber imports and contribute to sustainable land restoration and rural livelihoods. This document explores its cultivation, adaptability, ecological importance and economic viability.

Post-harvest losses are one of the biggest global concerns, threatening food security and financial stability. The traditional approaches often do not do justice in terms of conserving perishable produce, resulting in large-scale wastage. The present article discusses the innovative capabilities of cutting-edge technology, in this case, the pairing of Artificial Intelligence (AI) with the Internet of Things (IoT), in transforming post-harvest management. Through real-time monitoring, predictive analysis, and automated action, these technologies provide unprecedented scope for extending shelf life, preventing waste, and improving the general efficiency and sustainability of food supply chains.

Biochar, carbon-rich residue from pyrolyzed biomass, is emerging as a promising soil amendment in paddy cultivation. It improves soil physical structure, enhances nutrient retention, boosts microbial activity, and contributes to carbon sequestration, while potentially mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. This review explores mechanisms by which biochar influences soil health and rice yield, examines its impact on methane (CH?) and nitrous oxide (N?O), and discusses optimal application strategies and challenges. The evidence supports biochar?s role in achieving sustainable intensification of rice systems in India and beyond. Studies by Haefele et al. (2011), Lehmann & Joseph (2009), and Ali et al. (2022) substantiate the positive outcomes of biochar integration in paddy fields.

The canning of fish and fishery products requires meticulous planning of plant location, design, and layout to ensure operational efficiency, food safety, and product quality. Selecting a suitable location involves considering transportation, labour, water, electricity, waste disposal, and proximity to suppliers and markets. The plant?s structural design must comply with hygienic and safety standards, incorporating features like ventilation, drainage, flood control, and pest prevention. Efficient internal layout covering areas such as preprocessing, filling, retorting, labelling, and warehousing facilitates smooth workflow and minimizes contamination risk. Employee welfare facilities, proper waste management, and well-planned warehousing are essential for compliance and sustainability. Overall, an optimally located and well-designed canning plant enhances productivity, reduces costs, and meets regulatory and consumer expectations.

Silkworms (Bombyx mori) rely on a symbiotic relationship with their gut microbiota to support key physiological functions crucial for effective silk production. These microorganisms aid in the digestion of mulberry leaves, enhance nutrient absorption, and bolster the silkworm?s immune response. Recent advances have revealed that manipulating the gut microbiota through probiotics and targeted microbial interventions can significantly improve larval health and silk yield. This review explores the functional roles of gut microbes in sericulture, highlights the importance of maintaining microbial balance, and discusses emerging strategies for optimizing microbiome-based approaches in silk farming. Integrating microbial management into sericulture promises to improve sustainability, reduce environmental impact, and enhance silk production outcomes.

Moringa leaf meal is increasingly being considered as an alternative protein supplement in poultry diets due to its excellent nutritional profile. The optimal inclusion level of MLM in poultry diets varies depending on the type of birds (broilers vs. layers) and the specific formulation of the diet. Typically, it ranges from 5-10% of the total diet. By incorporating Moringa into poultry feed, farmers can potentially reduce feed costs while providing a nutrient-rich diet for their birds.

Rice farming plays a vital role in ensuring food security for billions of people, yet it is also a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions?specifically methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N20). Cultivating rice in flooded fields encourages the release of methane, and excessive use of nitrogen fertilizers can lead to higher emissions of nitrous oxide (IPCC, 2021; FAO, 2019). This article explores the environmental impact of rice cultivation, particularly in Asia, which dominates global production. It also outlines modern scientific techniques for measuring these emissions and highlights sustainable farming practices such as Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD), use of biochar, and efficient fertilizer management (Richards & Sander, 2014; Linquist et al., 2015). By adopting climate-smart strategies and supportive policies, rice farming can evolve into a solution for climate change, rather than a cause.

Adina cordifolia (Haldina cordifolia) commonly called as yellow saffron tree which belongs to the family Rubiaceae. The tree is native to Southern Asia and it has been used in folk medicine to cure chronic cough, jaundice, stomach aches, and a variety of other ailments by using the methanolic extracts of leaf, root and bark. It also known for its yellowish, moderately hard and durable timber. This document explores its cultivation, management, and economic potential of Haldu tree.

In a world increasingly shaped by climate disruptions, resource scarcity, and rising food insecurity, the agricultural sector is being compelled to rethink its traditional priorities. Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor L. Moench), a resilient and versatile cereal crop, has begun to command attention globally for its extraordinary ability to thrive in adverse conditions while offering significant nutritional and economic benefits. Often relegated to marginal lands and overlooked in modern food systems, Sorghum now stands as a promising solution for climate-smart agriculture. This article highlights the reasons behind the growing interest in sorghum, discusses its advantages and global momentum, and explores its potential challenges and opportunities in transforming future farming landscapes.

The evolution of agriculture through digital transformation is occurring quietly. Technologies like satellite systems, drones, advanced soil sensors, and artificial intelligence-driven software are shifting farming practices from traditional methods to a precise, data-oriented approach. This paper examines the impact of data integration, ranging from cloud applications to underground devices, on agricultural decision-making. The results include enhanced efficiency and improved capacity to nourish an expanding global population. This represents a fascinating blend of modern technology and age-old wisdom, contributing to a more sustainable and prosperous future.

Horticulture, a vital component of Indian agriculture plays a key role in nutritional security, employment generation and economic growth. India stands as the second-largest producer of horticultural crops globally with significant outputs in fruits and vegetables. Despite its potential, the sector faces numerous challenges including climate change, water scarcity, post-harvest losses and limited market access. Government initiatives such as National Horticulture Mission (NHM) and Mission on Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH) aim to support the sector?s growth. The way forward involves promoting climate-resilient practices, sustainable farming, advanced irrigation, market integration and technology adoption. Strengthening policies, infrastructure and farmer capacity will be essential for harnessing horticulture?s full potential as a driver of inclusive rural development.

Barnyard millet is a nutrient-dense food that offers numerous health benefits, making it an excellent addition to a healthy diet. Rich in fiber, protein, and essential minerals like iron and zinc, barnyard millet provides a balanced mix of nutrients that support overall well-being. Its low carbohydrate content and low glycemic index make it an ideal food for managing chronic diseases such as diabetes and obesity. Additionally, being gluten-free, barnyard millet is suitable for individuals with gluten intolerance or celiac disease. The millet's high fiber content promotes digestive health, while its antioxidant properties help protect against oxidative stress and inflammation. Barnyard millet's nutrient profile also supports heart health by reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. With its versatility in preparation and potential health benefits, barnyard millet is a valuable food option for people seeking a nutritious and balanced diet. Incorporating barnyard millet into one's diet can have a positive impact on overall health, making it a great choice for those looking to adopt a healthier lifestyle. Its nutritional benefits make it an attractive option for health-conscious individuals.

In the seafood sector, canning is a significant preservation technique that successfully causes extended the shelf life of fish while maintaining its nutritional content and flavour. But canned fish spoiling is still a major problem that compromises both consumer acceptance and product safety. Microbial spoilage in canned fish is mainly caused by pathogens like Salmonella, Clostridium botulinum, Listeria monocytogenes, and spoilage organisms such as Pseudomonas, Shewanella, and lactic acid bacteria. Enzymatic spoilage, particularly autolysis, breaks down proteins and lipids, affecting texture and flavour. Chemical spoilage, driven by lipid oxidation, leads to rancidity and off-flavours, worsened by oxygen and poor storage. Physical spoilage results from faulty retort processing, overfilling, under-exhausting, or contamination, compromising can integrity. Product quality is lowered by flaws including struvite crystals, blue discoloration, honeycombing, and sulphide blackening. In order to ensure safe, superior canned fish, it is essential to comprehend these characteristics.

Pulses are the edible seeds of legumes; it is very much important in our diet also known as ?protein tablets?. Our country occupies more than one third of total world area for pulse production.It is easy because they grow on a wide range of environments,and also in poor soil. Yet the production is high still it can't fulfill our growing demand, so it is equally important to give emphasis on storage and post harvest management of pulses, because itplays a major role in enhancing its nutritional value and reducing pest effect with quality improvement. In this article we discussed in brief about loss of pulses during post harvest and value addition to pulses through post-harvest processing and technology.

Liquid organic manures play a vital role in sustainable agriculture by enhancing soil fertility, promoting plant growth, and reducing dependence on synthetic inputs. This article highlights the preparation methods, benefits, and applications of six key formulations: Jeevamrutha, Beejamrutha, Panchagavya, Amritpani, Compost Tea, and Vermiwash. These bio-enhancers are rich in beneficial microorganisms, essential nutrients, and plant growth promoters, making them powerful tools for natural farming. Easy to prepare using locally available materials, they provide an eco-friendly and cost-effective alternative for farmers aiming to rejuvenate soil health and crop productivity.

The Viksit Krishi Sankalp Abhiyan (VKSA)-2025 envisions a modern, self-reliant, and inclusive agricultural sector in India, where technology, sustainability, and farmer empowerment converge to drive rural prosperity. Livestock, a critical pillar of Indian agriculture, contributes significantly to household income, nutrition, and women empowerment particularly among smallholder and marginal farmers. However, despite India?s global leadership in milk, meat, and egg production, productivity per animal remains low due to genetic limitations, unscientific breeding practices, and underutilization of indigenous breeds. This article explores how targeted interventions in Animal Genetics and Breeding including selective breeding, genomic selection, and indigenous breed improvement, can address these challenges and align seamlessly with VKSA-2025 goals. Emphasis is placed on enhancing peranimal productivity, promoting Atmanirbhar Bharat through native germplasm, building climate-resilient herds, and creating inclusive livestock-based microenterprises involving women and youth. By integrating scientific breeding strategies with grassroots implementation, livestock genetics can emerge as a powerful tool to transform rural livelihoods and accelerate the realization of a Viksit Bharat.

An awareness program is designed to inform and educate a total of 100 numbers of Adopted Seed Rearers (ASRs) from three distinct seed areas viz., Suntha, Thill and Hartaryan have participated under Central Seed Act Programme. These programs aims to raise awareness about Central Seed Act among Adopted Seed Rearers, chawki rearers, silkworm seed producers regarding Central Seed Act Regulations (2010), various provisions under Central Seed Act and what are the benefits.

Pruning is a vital silvicultural operation in modern forestry, aimed at enhancing both the structural quality and overall health of plantation trees. This article explores the scientific principles and practical techniques behind pruning, emphasizing its role in producing knotfree, high-value timber. It outlines different types of pruning?based on purpose, tree age, and agency?as well as the appropriate timing, intensity, and tools involved. Special focus is given to balancing the biological needs of trees with the practical considerations of forest management. By integrating both the technical and skill-based aspects of pruning, the article highlights how proper pruning contributes not only to economic returns but also to improved plantation health, accessibility, and fire and pest risk reduction.