Horticulture, a vital component of Indian agriculture plays a key role in nutritional security, employment generation and economic growth. India stands as the second-largest producer of horticultural crops globally with significant outputs in fruits and vegetables. Despite its potential, the sector faces numerous challenges including climate change, water scarcity, post-harvest losses and limited market access. Government initiatives such as National Horticulture Mission (NHM) and Mission on Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH) aim to support the sector?s growth. The way forward involves promoting climate-resilient practices, sustainable farming, advanced irrigation, market integration and technology adoption. Strengthening policies, infrastructure and farmer capacity will be essential for harnessing horticulture?s full potential as a driver of inclusive rural development.