Onion (Allium cepa L.) is a crucial bulb crop cultivated globally. India is one of the major producers of onion. The quality and yield are significantly affected due to seed-related problems, viz., poor viability, low germination rates, and seed-borne diseases. Improper storage also adds to the above issues. Overwatering affects seed germination, whereas purple blotch and downy mildew impair seed quality. Proper bulb choice and planting schedules can make a big difference in production. Seed priming and integrated pest management improve the seed quality. Higher yields can be obtained by growing climateresilient varieties and adopting innovative seed treatment methods. These measures can improve onion seed quality and increase overall crop yield significantly.

Natural farming, a sustainable and eco-friendly agricultural practice, enhances soil health, biodiversity, and ecosystem resilience by avoiding synthetic inputs and relying on organic processes. The Panchstar (Five-Layer) Model, introduced by Padma Shree Subhas Palekar, integrates multiple vegetation layers, mimicking natural forests to maximize resource utilization and improve productivity. The model categorizes plants based on their photosynthetic needs and includes strategic crop combinations for optimal growth. Compared to conventional multi-layer farming, the Panchstar model prioritizes long-term sustainability, carbon sequestration, and biodiversity, although it requires careful planning and investment. This structured approach is particularly effective in drought-prone regions, ensuring continuous yield while promoting environmental conservation.