Spirulina cultivation using hydroponic and photobioreactor systems marks a significant advancement in sustainable biomass production. As a protein-rich cyanobacterium (60-70%) containing essential amino acids and valuable bioactive compounds, Spirulina holds vast potential in nutrition, pharmaceuticals, and commercial industries. Modern cultivation systems such as hydroponics and photobioreactors allow precise control of growth conditions while minimizing land and water use, achieving yields of 10-25 g/m?/day under optimized parameters. In India, where the nutraceutical market is expected to reach Rs 18,000 crores by 2025, Spirulina farming emerges as both economically promising and environmentally beneficial. This review discusses the technologies and productivity parameters associated with Spirulina cultivation, its sustainability advantages, and the expanding Indian market potential for Spirulina-based products, emphasizing its role as a future-forward solution for sustainable food and biomass production.

Aquaculture defines as the culture of Aquatic organisms in the controlled conditions like stable Water quality, Feed Management, Disease Management and other activities. Aquaculture plays a major role in National and Global economy and also it plays a vital role in food and nutrition. It is one of the fastest growing food sectors, to maintain the sustainability AI and IOT are used in the proper manner. Increasing in demand for the culture of fishes and organism's paves way for the technological integration. Now we see about the integration of technology and its impacts in aquaculture in various point of views.

The development of bioluminescent ornamental plants marks a significant fusion of science and nature, advancing aesthetics and sustainability. From early dimly glowing tobacco to today's commercial Firefly Petunias, this progress highlights rapid scientific innovation and interdisciplinary collaboration. These plants utilize biotechnology to emit natural light, envisioning futures where glowing trees illuminate cities and homes glow softly without electricity. This shift fosters bio-integrated, sustainable design. Challenges include increasing brightness, ensuring luminescence stability, navigating regulatory frameworks, and securing public acceptance. Economic concerns, such as production costs and scaling, will affect adoption, while environmental impact assessments ensure ecological safety. With continued research and innovation, bioluminescent plants could soon become common in gardens worldwide, blending naturally with their environments while offering a sustainable and functional source of light.