The integration of mechanical innovation and digital sensor systems has transformed agricultural productivity and operational efficiency. This review synthesizes contemporary research focusing on three major domains: performance optimization of agricultural machinery, development of digital tachometers for RPM measurement, and comparative evaluations of sensor technologies. Studies indicate significant improvements in fuel economy, reduced crop damage, and accurate, non-contact RPM detection through sensormicrocontroller integration. The review highlights future directions such as IoT-based sensor networks and enhanced digital monitoring for sustainable agricultural mechanization.