Translucent Post-Larval Disease (TPD) is an emerging bacterial disease that poses a significant threat to the hatchery production of Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei). The disease mainly affects early post-larval stages (PL2?PL7) and is characterized by a translucent body, pale hepatopancreas, empty gut, reduced feeding, and rapid mortality. Virulent strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus carrying the aerolysin toxin gene are considered the primary causative agents, while Baishivirus has also been implicated in some outbreaks. Although no confirmed large-scale outbreaks have been reported in India, the risk of disease introduction necessitates continuous surveillance and strong hatchery biosecurity. Early diagnosis using molecular techniques and the adoption of preventive management practices are essential for minimizing disease outbreaks and ensuring sustainable shrimp seed production.