Rising concerns about food insecurity, malnutrition and unemployment, coupled with increased health awareness after the COVID-19 pandemic, mushrooms are gaining global recognition as a nutritious, sustainable and income-generating food source. In countries such as India and China, growing consumer demand and favourable cultivation conditions have accelerated the expansion of mushroom farming. Technological advancements, including smart farming, strain improvement and nutrient bio-fortification, are further enhancing production and quality. As a profitable agribusiness with expanding domestic and export markets, mushroom cultivation holds significant potential for improving nutritional security, creating employment opportunities and supporting sustainable agricultural development.