Speed breeding is an innovative approach that accelerates plant growth and reduces generation time under controlled environmental conditions. Conventional vegetable breeding often requires several years to develop improved cultivars, creating a need for faster breeding strategies. By manipulating factors such as photoperiod, temperature, humidity and light intensity, speed breeding enables four to six generations per year in certain crops. In vegetables such as tomato, brinjal, cucumber, muskmelon, chilli and pepper, it supports rapid development of disease-resistant and stress-tolerant varieties. Integration with molecular breeding and biotechnology tools further enhances breeding efficiency and sustainable crop improvement.