Oilseed crops are important for making sure edible oil security and that farming can continue, but their productivity is still limited because of inefficient resource or input use, soil degradation, and changes in the climatic conditions. Resource Conservation Technologies such as conservation tillage, crop residue cover, crop diversification, SSNM, cover crop etc., play an important role in initiating changes in physical, chemical and biological properties of soil and consequentially improving soil fertility. RCTs can be seen as a new way forward for conserving resources and enhancing oilseed productivity to achieve goals of sustainable agriculture and nutritional security in India. However, it demands development of location specific RCTs and combination of institutional and policy support.