Climate change is increasingly affecting agriculture, ecosystems, and human livelihoods across the world. Rising temperatures, increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide levels, and frequent extreme weather events highlight the urgent need for sustainable solutions. Agriculture contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions, yet it also holds immense potential to mitigate climate change through carbon sequestration. Carbon farming is an approach that focuses on capturing atmospheric carbon dioxide and storing it in soil and plant systems. This paper discusses the concept, scientific basis, major practices, benefits and challenges of carbon farming. It highlights how sustainable agricultural practices can transform farming systems into carbon sinks while enhancing soil health, productivity and farmer livelihoods.