Climate change serves as a significant international environmental problem which affects both freshwater systems and commercial fishery operations and aquaculture farming. Fish functions as an essential food source which contributes to worldwide nutritional needs through its provision of animal protein especially in developing nations. The combination of rising greenhouse gas emissions and increasing global temperatures has caused changes in both oceanographic and climatic systems which produce phenomena such as sea level rise and ocean acidification and monsoon pattern changes. Fish species use these changes to adapt their body functions and movement patterns and their reproduction processes and their ability to produce fish. The decline of marine species and coral reefs and coastal areas which include mangroves and wetlands through climate change destruction creates additional challenges for maintaining sustainable fishing. Climate change has begun to alter fishery stocks through its effect on catch patterns and species composition and stock distribution for different fish species. This article presents the causes and effects of climate change on fishery resources while it shows how international agreements will solve these problems through sustainable management methods and adaptive strategies which protect ecosystem health and food production for the future.