Sulphur is gradually being identified as the fourth element along with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in Indian farming. The large application of high analysis fertilizer, reduced application of organic manures, and increase in crop intensification have resulted in the deficiency of sulphur, which is an area of grave concern regarding soil fertility resources covering the whole agro-climatic region of the Indian subcontinent. The primary topics that this paper would cover include the application of sulphur in crops, the extent of sulphur deficiency in Indian soils, the effect on crop productivity, and optimal use.