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Role of Zinc Solubilizing Bacteria in Improving Zinc Bioavailability

Zinc (Zn) deficiency is a major constraint to crop productivity and human nutrition due to the low bioavailability of zinc in soils. Conventional zinc fertilizers often show limited efficiency because of rapid zinc immobilization. Zinc-solubilizing bacteria (ZSB) offer a sustainable approach to improve zinc availability in soil?plant systems. These beneficial microorganisms mobilize insoluble zinc through organic acid production, chelation, and rhizospheric pH modification, enhancing Zn uptake by plants. In addition, ZSB improve soil health, root development, and crop productivity while supporting microbial-assisted zinc biofortification. This article highlights the mechanisms and agricultural potential of zinc-solubilizing bacteria as eco-friendly tools for sustainable zinc nutrition management.