Sustainable resource management (SRM) has become a central global priority due to escalating pressures on land, water, energy, and biological systems. As population growth and economic expansion intensify resource consumption, traditional extractive approaches are proving inadequate for long-term ecological stability. This study examines the core principles and strategies of SRM, emphasizing the need for integrated planning, efficient resource use, and ecosystem conservation. Approaches such as circular economy models, integrated water resource management (IWRM), sustainable land-use planning, and renewable energy transitions contribute significantly to responsible stewardship. Technological tools-including remote sensing, GIS, and artificial intelligence-further enhance decision-making and early environmental risk detection. However, institutional gaps, policy fragmentation, and climate-induced stresses remain major challenges. Strengthening community participation, governance frameworks, and cross-sector collaboration is essential for achieving sustainability goals. The paper concludes that SRM is fundamental to ensuring long-term ecological balance, economic resilience, and intergenerational equity.