Soil health is the foundation of sustainable agriculture, yet global soils are increasingly degraded due to intensive cultivation, erosion, nutrient mining, and climate stress. Declining soil quality threatens crop productivity, ecosystem services, and long-term food security. Rebuilding soil health involves restoring the physical, chemical, and biological functions of soil through sustainable management practices such as cover cropping, reduced tillage, organic amendments, crop diversification, and integrated nutrient management. This article synthesizes recent scientific evidence to explain why soil health matters, how it can be rebuilt, and what benefits it offers for climate resilience, productivity, and environmental sustainability. By adopting soil-centered approaches, farmers can enhance resilience while contributing to broader climate and sustainability goals.