Precision agriculture is an advanced approach to farm management that focuses on managing spatial and temporal variability within agricultural fields using modern technologies. Indian agriculture is facing several challenges such as declining soil fertility, water scarcity, rising input costs, climate variability, and predominance of small and marginal farmers. Conventional uniform input application often leads to inefficient resource use and environmental degradation. Precision agriculture integrates tools such as Global Positioning System (GPS), Geographic Information System (GIS), remote sensing, sensors, drones, and variable rate technology to apply inputs precisely according to crop and soil requirements. This approach enhances resource-use efficiency, improves crop productivity, reduces production costs, and minimizes environmental pollution (Gebbers & Adamchuk,2010; FAO,2017). Although the adoption of precision agriculture in India is still limited due to high initial costs and lack of technical knowledge, recent digital agriculture initiatives and agristartups have created new opportunities. This article discusses the concept, technologies, applications, benefits, challenges, and future prospects of precision agriculture in Indian farming systems.