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Artificial Feeding of Apis cerana Colonies: A Dearth Period Management Practice

Beekeeping is an eco-friendly, income-generating activity that also plays a vital role in crop pollination and the sustainability of ecosystems. During dearth periods, scarcity of natural nectar and pollen poses serious challenges to honey bee colony maintenance. The present study evaluated different artificial feeding strategies for Apis cerana colonies. Colonies were supplied with nectar substitutes in the form of sugar syrup and honey syrup (1:1) using cups and perforated bottles. Bees showed a higher preference for honey syrup, though sugar syrup proved to be a more economical and practical alternative. Feeding through cups was more efficient than bottle feeding. Three pollen substitute formulations were tested to supplement protein requirements. Among them, the mixture containing soya flour, protein powder, and honey showed the highest acceptance and consumption, while the soya flour and sugar syrup mixture was least accepted due to hardening. Colonies receiving artificial supplements showed improved activity and brood development. The study highlights the importance of sugar syrup and suitable pollen substitutes for sustaining bee colonies during dearth periods and emphasizes the need for further research to standardize artificial feeding practices for sustainable apiculture.