Although more people are fed by intensive farming the soil eventually deteriorates as a result of erosion nutrient loss and decreased yield. Using biochar a substance that resembles charcoal and is produced by heating agricultural leftovers or other organic wastes without oxygen is one of the eco-friendly methods for restoring soil health. By improving soil structure increasing water-holding capacity and providing locations where nutrients can be retained rather than percolating away biochar helps mitigate climate change in a number of ways. It also keeps carbon in the earth for a very long time. It has been demonstrated to immobilize heavy metals by decreasing their bioavailability for plants in addition to improving the physical chemical and biological characteristics of the soil. Higher crop yields and better root growth are usually the results.