Aquaculture is the fastest-growing sector of global food production and contributes for more than half of the world?s seafood. However, fish diseases continue to be the most significant challenge facing aquaculture with annual losses exceeding USD 6 billion globally. Antibiotic and chemical-based approaches used for treatments have led to significant problems including antimicrobial resistance, accumulation of residues in fish meat and environmental pollution. Alternative and sustainable methods are being used all over the world to prevent disease outbreaks, economic losses and human hazards. Probiotics, vaccines, plant-derived immunostimulants, biosecurity strategies, application of smart technology and functional feeds are some of the methods leading to safer, sustainable and consumer friendly alternatives for disease control.