Soil hydrological and transmission properties describe how water interacts with soil, including absorption, retention and movement of water in soil. These properties impact drainage and nutrient availability to plants. Understanding and characterizing these properties is essential for efficient water management, nutrient management in agriculture, environmental conservation, civil engineering, hydrology and water resource management. Various techniques are used for measuring these properties including traditional as well as advanced methods. Traditional methods are labour intensive, time consuming, limited to small scale or laboratory conditions and are unable to provide continuous or real time data. Thus, replacing or supplementing them with advanced techniques is recommended. Several advanced techniques like remote sensing, tracer techniques, spectroscopic techniques, digital and computational methods, synthetic aperture radar, cosmic ray neutron sensors are used to quantify soil hydrological and transmission properties. These techniques allows accurate and precise measurement, they are non-invasive resulting in minimal soil disturbances, and helps in faster and real-time data collection.