Plant breeders use various biotechnological tools to change the expression of genes. For the expression of any gene, specific gene regulation mechanisms are required. RNA interference is a highly conserved gene regulatory mechanism that controls the expression of genes at post transcriptional level. It involves silencing of a specific mRNA due to a complementary dsRNA molecule that binds to and prevents translation of the mRNA. It has tremendous potential to improve the crop plants against different types of biotic and abiotic stresses, nutritional enhancement and for better quality traits. Ultimately, this technology plays a vital role to counter global food security and also to maintain sustainability.