Phytonematodes are parasites of plants that mostly affect the roots and a few on the aerial parts. These plant-parasitic nematodes are gaining essential economic importance as they are a threat in the fields of agriculture, horticulture, forestry and their respective allied sectors. They are comparatively easy to be managed with minimum infestation and nearly impossible to completely eradicate once they occur in a field. Recent research has been reporting the emerging threat of nematode infection on various crops throughout the country. Root knot nematodes are expanding their host range and occurrence of new Meloidogyne species in citrus plantations and prevalence of adverse effects and complete crop failure in protected cultivation are being reported. Other nematodes, like potato golden cyst nematodes, nematodes affecting flower crops, and mushroom cultivation, are becoming a major threat.