Rice is a vital food crop in our country, grown in various seasons and climates. However, it is susceptible to many pests, with the brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) being one of the most damaging. Farmers often use pesticides indiscriminately to control these pests, which leads to problems like air pollution, harm to beneficial insects, pest resistance, and pest resurgence. To address these issues, comprehensive pest management practices are essential. These practices focus on reducing pesticide use and promoting sustainable farming. This guide provides key information on identifying the brown planthopper and effective management methods to help farmers protect their crops while minimizing environmental impact.