The Increasing environmental challenges posed by synthetic surfactants, which are derived from petrochemical sources, necessitate the development of more sustainable alternatives. Biosurfactants, natural compounds produced by microorganisms, offer significant advantages over traditional surfactants, including biodegradability, non-toxicity, and lower environmental impact. They are widely used in various industries, including cosmetics, textiles, pharmaceuticals, and wastewater treatment, due to their ability to effectively lower surface and interfacial tensions. In textile processing, biosurfactants show promise in emulsifying, wetting, and enhancing the removal of oils and dyes from fabrics. Additionally, their use in the textile dyeing industry helps improve dye solubility and reduce the environmental impact of dyeing processes. Strategies to optimize biosurfactant production, such as nutrient management and genetic engineering, are essential for their cost-effective, large-scale application. Biosurfactants, with their multifunctional properties and environmental benefits, are poised to play a key role in reducing the reliance on harmful chemical surfactants and contributing to more sustainable industrial practices.