Global food security faces significant challenges due to climate change and rapid population growth, which threaten the stability and sustainability of food systems worldwide. With the global population projected to reach 10 billion by 2050, ensuring access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food has become increasingly complex. Climate change exacerbates this challenge by altering weather patterns, intensifying extreme weather events, and disrupting agricultural productivity. This article examines the multifaceted impact of climate change on agriculture, including crop yields, water availability, soil health, and pest pressures, along with its effects on livestock and fisheries. Additionally, rising global food demand, driven by population growth, urbanization, and dietary shifts, places further strain on agricultural systems and natural resources. To address these challenges, the article explores adaptive strategies such as technological advancements in agriculture, sustainable farming practices, and policy interventions. International cooperation, innovation in climate-resilient crops, and investments in sustainable food systems are essential to safeguarding food security in the face of an unpredictable climate. By adopting a holistic, interdisciplinary approach, the global community can mitigate the adverse impacts of climate change and ensure long-term food security for a growing population.