Practicing Tasar sericulture in the state of Odisha dates to time immemorial. It represents not only an age-old tradition but also has a pivotal socio-economic significance as it is the crucial avenue for sustainable livelihoods and financial empowerment particularly for the forest residing tribal communities. This article throw light on the Tasar silk production in the region with respect to its history, current trends, challenges, possible innovations, and future expectations. It also provides an information regarding the practices of silkworm rearing, silk production process and influence of governmental and other socio-economic factors on this sector.