A successful conception in dairy cows and buffaloes was determined by effective and correct time estrus detection and successful artificial insemination or natural service. All the cows and buffaloes presented to the dispensaries and referral centres with the history of estrus for artificial insemination were not in true estrus and not fit for artificial insemination, because they were in mid-cycle estrus. It is one of the recent threats for dairy farm and dairy industry in term of economic loss due to failure of getting pregnant. The present communication elaborate the mid-cycle estrus in dairy cows and buffaloes and strategies to combat it.