Phytoremediation is a nature-based approach that utilizes the innate powers of plants and their accompanying microbes to remove, convert, or immobilize toxins from contaminated settings. This article gives a complete review of phytoremediation, outlining its fundamental mechanisms?phytoextraction, Phyto stabilization, phytodegradation, phytovolatilization, and rhizofiltration?and investigating its broad applicability across soils, water, and air. The assessment underlines the technology?s primary advantages, including cost-effectiveness, little site disturbance, and the potential for ecosystem restoration, which make it an attractive alternative to standard remediation methods. It also critically explores present difficulties, such as limited root penetration, longer cleanup times, and the complications associated with treating polluted biomass. Special focus is made on the unique significance of mangrove ecosystems, whose extensive root systems not only filter coastal pollutants but also produce vital nursery habitats that support healthy fisheries and strengthen coastal community resilience. Looking to the future, emerging innovations?such as genetic engineering, better plant?microbe collaborations, and the strategic utilization of native species?promise to substantially increase the efficiency and scope of phytoremediation. While phytoremediation is not a one-size-fits-all solution, its numerous benefits and emerging technologies position it as an important instrument in the global goal of sustainable environmental management.